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Home › Mantras › Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali
Lakshmi Narayana 108 Names of Vishnu: a priest offering tulsi leaves at four-armed Vishnu's feet for each name as a family prays, for the Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali
A priest offering a tulsi leaf at each of Vishnu's 108 names in a temple as a family prays
Mantra · 108 salutations, from Vishnu and Jishnu to Rudra and Madhusudana

Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali

ॐ विष्णवे नमः ।

Also known as Vishnu Ashtottaram

In Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English — with the meaning of every word, and the one syllable most people pronounce wrongly.

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What the Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali is

The Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali, the 108 names of Vishnu, is a Sanskrit archana list in which each name is framed by Om before it and namah after it, making every line a single salutation. It follows, name for name, a fourteen-verse stotram whose colophon places it in the Shakta Pramoda, a ritual compendium first printed in 1891. No author is named. The list keeps no fixed order of avatars, yet the avatars run all through it: Vamana as Aditi's son and as Upendra, Parashurama as the bearer of the axe, Rama as Kausalya's joy and Ravana's enemy, Krishna as Damodara, Yashoda's son and Rukmini's husband, with Varaha, Narasimha and Hayagriva between them. Names 48 to 51 restate the opening line of the Rig Veda's Purusha Sukta: the thousand-headed Person, thousand-eyed and thousand-footed. The list closes on Rudra, Raghava and Madhusudana. The stotram's two result verses, which the namavali leaves out, say that the names remove sin, sorrow and poverty.

A Vaishnava litany in a Shakta manual

The stotram behind this namavali ends with the words 'iti shaktapramodatah', marking it as taken from the Shakta Pramoda, the 'Joy of the Goddess Worshippers'. The compendium was assembled at the instance of Raja Deva Nandan Singh Bahadur, a zamindar of Sheohar in the Muzaffarpur district of North Bihar, who had gathered a large collection of Shakta ritual texts and wanted to revive the worship of Kali in his region. The first edition appeared in 1891 and a second in 1894. Ten of its sixteen manuals belong to the Ten Mahavidyas, from Kali to Kamala, and one is a Kumari Tantra. The other five serve Ganesha, Vishnu, Shiva, Durga and Surya. Each manual follows one pattern: a meditation verse for the deity, its mantra and yantra, the order of worship, a protective kavacha and a litany of epithets. The 108 names of Vishnu are that litany in the Vishnu manual. The stotram is cast as speech to a listener, closing with 'thus the divine hundred and eight names have been told to you', but the text that circulates does not say who is speaking. In the South Indian puja editions where the list is now printed, the verses are broken into separate salutations for flower offering, and chanted forms such as jagatkartaya are kept even where grammar expects jagatkartre.

The mantra, in six scripts

DevanagariSanskrit & Hindiॐ विष्णवे नमः ।
Tamilௐ விஷ்ணவே நமஃ ।
Teluguఓం విష్ణవే నమః ।
Kannadaಓಂ ವಿಷ್ಣವೇ ನಮಃ ।
Malayalamഓം വിഷ്ണവേ നമഃ ।
EnglishRoman transliterationoṃ viṣṇave namaḥ |
“Salutations to Vishnu, the all-pervading one.”
ॐ
oṃ — Om, the sacred syllable
विष्णवे
viṣṇave — to Vishnu, the all-pervading
नमः
namaḥ — salutation

Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali lyrics in full

One hundred and eight names, each set between Om and namah, in the order of the source stotram.

All 108 verses, in Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English, each with its meaning. Choose a script:

Download the Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali PDFAll 108 verses with their meanings, in Sanskrit. Free to print and keep.

Name 1

ॐ विष्णवे नमः ।

Salutations to Vishnu, the all-pervading one.

Name 2

ॐ जिष्णवे नमः ।

Salutations to Jishnu, the ever-victorious one.

Name 3

ॐ वषट्काराय नमः ।

Salutations to Vashatkara, the one who is the sacred call "vashat" spoken as offerings are poured into the fire.

Name 4

ॐ देवदेवाय नमः ।

Salutations to the God of gods.

Name 5

ॐ वृषाकपये नमः ।

Salutations to Vrishakapi, a Vedic name of Vishnu, often read as the one who lifted the earth as the Boar and who embodies dharma.

Name 6

ॐ दामोदराय नमः ।

Salutations to Damodara, the one bound with a rope around the waist (as the child Krishna).

Name 7

ॐ दीनबन्धवे नमः ।

Salutations to Dinabandhu, the friend and kinsman of the helpless.

Name 8

ॐ आदिदेवाय नमः ।

Salutations to Adideva, the first and original God.

Name 9

ॐ अदितेस्तुताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one praised by Aditi (the source stotra reads "son of Aditi", that is Vamana).

Name 10

ॐ पुण्डरीकाय नमः ।

Salutations to Pundarika, the one pure and beautiful as the white lotus.

Name 11

ॐ परानन्दाय नमः ।

Salutations to Parananda, the one who is supreme bliss.

Name 12

ॐ परमात्मने नमः ।

Salutations to the Supreme Self.

Name 13

ॐ परात्पराय नमः ।

Salutations to the one higher than the highest.

Name 14

ॐ परशुधारिणे नमः ।

Salutations to the bearer of the axe (Parashurama).

Name 15

ॐ विश्वात्मने नमः ।

Salutations to the Self of the universe.

Name 16

ॐ कृष्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to Krishna, the dark one who draws all hearts.

Name 17

ॐ कलिमलापहारिणे नमः ।

Salutations to the remover of the impurities of the Kali age.

Name 18

ॐ कौस्तुभोद्भासितोरस्काय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose chest shines with the Kaustubha jewel.

Name 19

ॐ नराय नमः ।

Salutations to Nara, the eternal man, companion of Narayana.

Name 20

ॐ नारायणाय नमः ।

Salutations to Narayana, the refuge and resting place of all beings.

Name 21

ॐ हरये नमः ।

Salutations to Hari, the one who takes away sorrow and sin.

Name 22

ॐ हराय नमः ।

Salutations to Hara, the one who takes away all (also a name shared with Shiva).

Name 23

ॐ हरप्रियाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one dear to Hara (Shiva).

Name 24

ॐ स्वामिने नमः ।

Salutations to the Lord and master.

Name 25

ॐ वैकुण्ठाय नमः ।

Salutations to the Lord of Vaikuntha.

Name 26

ॐ विश्वतोमुखाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose faces turn in every direction.

Name 27

ॐ हृषीकेशाय नमः ।

Salutations to Hrishikesha, the master of the senses.

Name 28

ॐ अप्रमेयात्मने नमः ।

Salutations to the Self beyond all measure.

Name 29

ॐ वराहाय नमः ।

Salutations to Varaha, the Boar incarnation.

Name 30

ॐ धरणीधराय नमः ।

Salutations to the upholder of the earth.

Name 31

ॐ वामनाय नमः ।

Salutations to Vamana, the dwarf incarnation.

Name 32

ॐ वेदवक्ताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who speaks the Vedas.

Name 33

ॐ वासुदेवाय नमः ।

Salutations to Vasudeva, the one who dwells in all beings.

Name 34

ॐ सनातनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the eternal one.

Name 35

ॐ रामाय नमः ।

Salutations to Rama.

Name 36

ॐ विरामाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one in whom all things come to rest.

Name 37

ॐ विरजाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one free of passion and impurity.

Name 38

ॐ रावणारये नमः ।

Salutations to the enemy of Ravana.

Name 39

ॐ रमापतये नमः ।

Salutations to the husband of Rama (Lakshmi).

Name 40

ॐ वैकुण्ठवासिने नमः ।

Salutations to the one who dwells in Vaikuntha.

Name 41

ॐ वसुमते नमः ।

Salutations to the one rich in wealth and radiance.

Name 42

ॐ धनदाय नमः ।

Salutations to the giver of wealth.

Name 43

ॐ धरणीधराय नमः ।

Salutations to the upholder of the earth.

Name 44

ॐ धर्मेशाय नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of dharma.

Name 45

ॐ धरणीनाथाय नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of the earth.

Name 46

ॐ ध्येयाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one fit to be meditated upon.

Name 47

ॐ धर्मभृतांवराय नमः ।

Salutations to the best among the upholders of dharma.

Name 48

ॐ सहस्रशीर्षाय नमः ।

Salutations to the thousand-headed one.

Name 49

ॐ पुरुषाय नमः ।

Salutations to the Purusha, the cosmic person.

Name 50

ॐ सहस्राक्षाय नमः ।

Salutations to the thousand-eyed one.

Name 51

ॐ सहस्रपादे नमः ।

Salutations to the thousand-footed one.

Name 52

ॐ सर्वगाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who goes everywhere.

Name 53

ॐ सर्वविदे नमः ।

Salutations to the all-knowing one.

Name 54

ॐ सर्वाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is everything.

Name 55

ॐ शरण्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the refuge of all.

Name 56

ॐ साधुवल्लभाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one dear to the virtuous.

Name 57

ॐ कौसल्यानन्दनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the joy of Kausalya (Rama).

Name 58

ॐ श्रीमते नमः ।

Salutations to the glorious one, with whom Shri (Lakshmi) dwells.

Name 59

ॐ रक्षसःकुलनाशकाय नमः ।

Salutations to the destroyer of the race of demons.

Name 60

ॐ जगत्कर्ताय नमः ।

Salutations to the maker of the world.

Name 61

ॐ जगद्धर्ताय नमः ।

Salutations to the sustainer of the world.

Name 62

ॐ जगज्जेताय नमः ।

Salutations to the conqueror of the world.

Name 63

ॐ जनार्तिहराय नमः ।

Salutations to the remover of people's suffering.

Name 64

ॐ जानकीवल्लभाय नमः ।

Salutations to the beloved of Janaki (Sita).

Name 65

ॐ देवाय नमः ।

Salutations to the shining God.

Name 66

ॐ जयरूपाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose form is victory.

Name 67

ॐ जलेश्वराय नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of the waters.

Name 68

ॐ क्षीराब्धिवासिने नमः ।

Salutations to the one who dwells in the Ocean of Milk.

Name 69

ॐ क्षीराब्धितनयावल्लभाय नमः ।

Salutations to the beloved of the daughter of the Ocean of Milk (Lakshmi).

Name 70

ॐ शेषशायिने नमः ।

Salutations to the one who reclines on the serpent Shesha.

Name 71

ॐ पन्नगारिवाहनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose mount is Garuda, the enemy of serpents.

Name 72

ॐ विष्टरश्रवसे नमः ।

Salutations to Vishtarashravas, the one of wide renown.

Name 73

ॐ माधवाय नमः ।

Salutations to Madhava, the husband of Lakshmi.

Name 74

ॐ मथुरानाथाय नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of Mathura.

Name 75

ॐ मुकुन्दाय नमः ।

Salutations to Mukunda, the giver of liberation.

Name 76

ॐ मोहनाशनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the destroyer of delusion.

Name 77

ॐ दैत्यारिणे नमः ।

Salutations to the enemy of the Daityas (demons).

Name 78

ॐ पुण्डरीकाक्षाय नमः ।

Salutations to the lotus-eyed one.

Name 79

ॐ अच्युताय नमः ।

Salutations to Achyuta, the one who never falls or fails.

Name 80

ॐ मधुसूदनाय नमः ।

Salutations to Madhusudana, the slayer of the demon Madhu.

Name 81

ॐ सोमसूर्याग्निनयनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose eyes are the moon, the sun and fire.

Name 82

ॐ नृसिंहाय नमः ।

Salutations to Narasimha, the man-lion.

Name 83

ॐ भक्तवत्सलाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one tender and loving towards his devotees.

Name 84

ॐ नित्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the eternal one.

Name 85

ॐ निरामयाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one free of all illness and defect.

Name 86

ॐ शुद्धाय नमः ।

Salutations to the pure one.

Name 87

ॐ नरदेवाय नमः ।

Salutations to the God who appears as a man (or, the god among men).

Name 88

ॐ जगत्प्रभवे नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of the world.

Name 89

ॐ हयग्रीवाय नमः ।

Salutations to Hayagriva, the horse-necked form.

Name 90

ॐ जितरिपवे नमः ।

Salutations to the conqueror of enemies.

Name 91

ॐ उपेन्द्राय नमः ।

Salutations to Upendra, the younger brother of Indra (Vamana).

Name 92

ॐ रुक्मिणीपतये नमः ।

Salutations to the husband of Rukmini.

Name 93

ॐ सर्वदेवमयाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one in whom all the gods are contained.

Name 94

ॐ श्रीशाय नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of Shri (Lakshmi).

Name 95

ॐ सर्वाधाराय नमः ।

Salutations to the support of all.

Name 96

ॐ सनातनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the eternal one.

Name 97

ॐ सौम्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the gentle and gracious one.

Name 98

ॐ सौम्यप्रदाय नमः ।

Salutations to the giver of gentleness and calm.

Name 99

ॐ स्रष्टे नमः ।

Salutations to the creator.

Name 100

ॐ विष्वक्सेनाय नमः ।

Salutations to Vishvaksena, the one whose armies spread in every direction.

Name 101

ॐ जनार्दनाय नमः ।

Salutations to Janardana, the one whom people pray to.

Name 102

ॐ यशोदातनयाय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of Yashoda.

Name 103

ॐ योगिने नमः ।

Salutations to the yogi.

Name 104

ॐ योगशास्त्रपरायणाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one devoted to the teaching of yoga.

Name 105

ॐ रुद्रात्मकाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose self is Rudra.

Name 106

ॐ रुद्रमूर्तये नमः ।

Salutations to the one who takes the form of Rudra.

Name 107

ॐ राघवाय नमः ।

Salutations to Raghava, the descendant of Raghu (Rama).

Name 108

ॐ मधुसूदनाय नमः ।

Salutations to Madhusudana, the slayer of the demon Madhu.

The syllable people get wrong

Name 72, viṣṭaraśravase (विष्टरश्रवसे), 'the one of wide renown', is a compound of viṣṭara and śravas and is often run together as vishta-rash-ravase; divide it vish-ta-ra / shra-va-se, with the tongue curled back for the ṣṭ and the ś soft as in 'shine'.

When the Vishnu Ashtottara Shatanamavali is chanted

Weekday. Thursday

Questions

Because the source stotram repeats them. Dharanidhara, upholder of the earth, closes the first line of verse four and the whole of verse five; sanatana, the eternal one, falls in verses four and twelve; and Madhusudana comes in verse ten and again as the last word of verse fourteen. The namavali keeps the stotram's order name for name, so Names 30 and 43, 34 and 96, and 80 and 108 are repeats, and the count of 108 includes them.
Names 22 and 23 call Vishnu Hara, the one who takes away, and Harapriya, dear to Hara. Names 105 and 106, rudratmaka and rudramurti, describe him as having Rudra for his self and taking Rudra's form. The list sets these beside Rama and Madhusudana without comment. Read in sequence, they place the destroying power inside Vishnu rather than outside him, which sits easily in the Shakta Pramoda, a compendium that serves Shiva, Vishnu and the Goddess side by side.
The namavali as most often printed reads aditestutaya, 'to the one praised by Aditi'. Other printings read aditeh sutaya, 'to the son of Aditi', which matches the source stotram's aditeh sutah. The son of Aditi is Vamana, the dwarf who appears again as Name 31 and as Upendra, Indra's younger brother, at Name 91. The two readings differ by a single letter, and both point to the Vamana episode.
The Sahasranama is a thousand names spoken by Bhishma to Yudhishthira in the Anushasana Parva of the Mahabharata and recited as continuous verse. The Ashtottara is a list of 108 names taken from a short stotram in a nineteenth-century ritual manual, with no epic setting and no named speaker. It opens on Vishnu and Jishnu rather than Vishva, and each name is set apart with Om and namah so that it can accompany a single offering of a flower or leaf.
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