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Home › Mantras › Narayana Suktam
Narayana Narayana Suktam: four-armed Lord Narayana holding a conch, discus, mace and lotus beside a temple tank
Narayana, as worshipped in our consecrated sanctum
Mantra · The Vedic hymn to Narayana.

Narayana Suktam

सहस्रशीर्षं देवं विश्वाक्षं विश्वशम्भुवम्

In Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English — with the meaning of every word, and the one syllable most people pronounce wrongly.

What the Narayana Suktam is

Narayana is the resting place of all beings, the one who reclines upon the waters of dissolution and from whose navel the lotus of Brahma arises. In the Narayana Sukta of the Taittiriya Aranyaka he is praised as the thousand-headed deity whose eyes are the universe, who dwells both within the heart and beyond the farthest heaven. The name itself is traditionally derived from nārā, the waters, and ayana, the abode, so that Narayana is the ground upon which the cosmic waters settle. He is not portrayed here as an avatar who descends into history but as the unchanging person who remains after names, forms and cycles have withdrawn. The sukta places him at the centre of the heart-cave, surrounded by a network of luminous channels, making the inward journey and the cosmic vision a single continuous movement.

The Heart as Dwelling

The Narayana Sukta, preserved in the tenth prapathaka of the Taittiriya Aranyaka, does not recount a battle or a childhood exploit. Instead it maps the presence of Narayana inside the human body and simultaneously across the expanse of the worlds. The seer describes the heart as a lotus bud hanging downward, a span below the throat and above the navel. Within it is a subtle cavity in which all is established, and in it a flame as thin as the awn of wild rice, in the midst of which dwells the supreme self, Narayana. From him proceed the vital breaths, the senses and the mind; into him they return. The same passage identifies him with the supreme brahman, with the purusha of a thousand heads, and with the light that never sets. Later Vaishnava reading takes this interior geography as the warrant for meditating on Narayana as both the transcendent source and the intimate companion seated in the cavity of the heart, so that the recitation of the sukta becomes a guided entry into that inner chamber rather than a petition addressed to a distant deity.

The mantra, in six scripts

DevanagariSanskrit & Hindiसहस्रशीर्षं देवं विश्वाक्षं विश्वशम्भुवम्
Tamilஸஹஸ்ரஶீர்ஷம் தேவம் விஶ்வாக்ஷம் விஶ்வஶம்புவம்
Teluguసహస్రశీర్షం దేవం విశ్వాక్షం విశ్వశమ్భువమ్
Kannadaಸಹಸ್ರಶೀರ್ಷಂ ದೇವಂ ವಿಶ್ವಾಕ್ಷಂ ವಿಶ್ವಶಮ್ಭುವಮ್
Malayalamസഹസ്രശീര്ഷം ദേവം വിശ്വാക്ഷം വിശ്വശമ്ഭുവമ്
EnglishRoman transliterationsahasraśīrṣaṃ devaṃ viśvākṣaṃ viśvaśambhuvam
“The thousand-headed god, the universe-eyed, the all-auspicious.”
सहस्रशीर्षं
sahasraśīrṣaṃ — thousand-headed
देवं
devaṃ — god
विश्वाक्षं
viśvākṣaṃ — universe-eyed
विश्वशम्भुवम्
viśvaśambhuvam — all-auspicious

Narayana Suktam lyrics in full

From the Taittiriya Aranyaka (10.13), with the Narayana Gayatri that is traditionally chanted after it.

All 15 verses, in Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English, each with its meaning. Choose a script:

Download the Narayana Suktam PDFAll 15 verses with their meanings, in Sanskrit. Free to print and keep.

Verse 1

सहस्रशीर्षं देवं विश्वाक्षं विश्वशम्भुवम् ।
विश्वं नारायणं देवमक्षरं परमं पदम् ॥

The thousand-headed god, all-seeing, the source of the well-being of all: Narayana, the god who is the universe, the imperishable, the supreme abode.

Verse 2

विश्वतः परमान्नित्यं विश्वं नारायणं हरिम् ।
विश्वमेवेदं पुरुषस्तद्विश्वमुपजीवति ॥

Higher than the universe, eternal, and yet the universe itself, is Narayana, Hari. This whole universe is the Purusha alone, and the universe lives by him.

Verse 3

पतिं विश्वस्यात्मेश्वरं शाश्वतं शिवमच्युतम् ।
नारायणं महाज्ञेयं विश्वात्मानं परायणम् ॥

He is the lord of the universe, the ruler of all selves, eternal, auspicious and unfailing: Narayana, the great one who is to be known, the self of all, the supreme refuge.

Verse 4

नारायण परो ज्योतिरात्मा नारायणः परः ।
नारायण परं ब्रह्म तत्त्वं नारायणः परः ॥

Narayana is the supreme light; Narayana is the supreme self. Narayana is the supreme Brahman; Narayana is the supreme reality.

Verse 5

नारायण परो ध्याता ध्यानं नारायणः परः ।
यच्च किञ्चिज्जगत्सर्वं दृश्यते श्रूयतेऽपि वा ॥

Narayana is the supreme meditator; Narayana is the supreme meditation. Whatever there is in this whole world, whether seen or heard of,

Verse 6

अन्तर्बहिश्च तत्सर्वं व्याप्य नारायणः स्थितः ।
अनन्तमव्ययं कविं समुद्रेऽन्तं विश्वशम्भुवम् ॥

all of it Narayana pervades, inside and outside, and abides. He is the infinite, the imperishable, the all-knowing seer, the final goal dwelling in the ocean, the source of the well-being of all.

Verse 7

पद्मकोशप्रतीकाशं हृदयं चाप्यधोमुखम् ।
अधो निष्ट्या वितस्त्यान्ते नाभ्यामुपरि तिष्ठति ॥

The heart, which resembles a lotus bud and hangs downward, lies a span below the base of the throat and above the navel.

Verse 8

ज्वालमालाकुलं भाती विश्वस्यायतनं महत् ।
सन्ततं शिलाभिस्तु लम्बत्याकोशसन्निभम् ॥

Encircled as if by a garland of flames, it shines as the great dwelling place of the universe. Surrounded by channels on every side, it hangs down like a lotus bud.

Verse 9

तस्यान्ते सुषिरं सूक्ष्मं तस्मिन् सर्वं प्रतिष्ठितम् ।
तस्य मध्ये महानग्निर्विश्वार्चिर्विश्वतोमुखः ॥

Within it is a subtle opening, and in that everything is established. In its centre is a great fire, with flames spreading everywhere and facing in every direction.

Verse 10

सोऽग्रभुग्विभजन्तिष्ठन्नाहारमजरः कविः ।
तिर्यगूर्ध्वमधश्शायी रश्मयस्तस्य सन्तता ॥

That ageless and wise fire receives food first and, abiding there, distributes the nourishment. Its rays spread out on every side, upward and downward.

Verse 11

सन्तापयति स्वं देहमापादतलमस्तकः ।
तस्य मध्ये वह्निशिखा अणीयोर्ध्वा व्यवस्थितः ॥

It warms its own body from the soles of the feet to the crown of the head. In its centre stands a tongue of flame, very subtle and pointing upward.

Verse 12

नीलतोयदमध्यस्थाद्विद्युल्लेखेव भास्वरा ।
नीवारशूकवत्तन्वी पीता भास्वत्यणूपमा ॥

It is as brilliant as a streak of lightning in the middle of a dark rain cloud, as slender as the tip of a grain of wild rice, golden in colour, shining, and as fine as an atom.

Verse 13

तस्याः शिखाया मध्ये परमात्मा व्यवस्थितः ।
स ब्रह्म स शिवः स हरिः सेन्द्रः सोऽक्षरः परमः स्वराट् ॥

In the middle of that flame the Supreme Self abides. He is Brahma, he is Shiva, he is Hari, he is Indra; he is the imperishable, the supreme, the self-ruling one.

Closing

ऋतं सत्यं परं ब्रह्म पुरुषं कृष्णपिङ्गलम् ।
ऊर्ध्वरेतं विरूपाक्षं विश्वरूपाय वै नमो नमः ॥

He is cosmic order and truth, the supreme Brahman, the Purusha dark and tawny, whose vital power rises upward, whose eyes are unlike any other. To him whose form is the universe, salutations again and again.

Narayana Gayatri

नारायणाय विद्महे वासुदेवाय धीमहि ।
तन्नो विष्णुः प्रचोदयात् ॥

We come to know Narayana; we meditate on Vasudeva. May that Vishnu inspire and guide us.

The syllable people get wrong

In viśvaśambhuvam the aspirated bh of śambhu is the sound most often lost. Speakers frequently say a soft “shambu”, dropping the breath after the b. The bh must be released with a clear puff of air; otherwise the ancient epithet that calls him the source of all welfare is blurred.

When the Narayana Suktam is chanted

Weekday. Thursday

Questions

Both hymns open with the image of a thousand-headed being and share several epithets. The Purusha Sukta of the Rigveda emphasises the sacrificial dismemberment that produces the cosmos; the Narayana Sukta of the Taittiriya Aranyaka interiorises that same person, locating him inside the heart and equating him explicitly with the supreme brahman. Traditional recitation often pairs the two, treating the Rigvedic hymn as the cosmogonic outer frame and the Aranyaka hymn as the contemplative inner application.
The sukta likens the heart to an inverted lotus bud, set a span below the throat and above the navel, holding a subtle cavity in which all is established. Within it burns a flame as thin as the awn of wild rice, and in the midst of that flame the supreme self is said to dwell. That image supplies the yogic and Vedantic traditions with a precise locus for meditation: the same Narayana who pervades the outer universe is to be found within the heart. The description is therefore both anatomical metaphor and metaphysical claim, asserting that the farthest deity is also the nearest.
Viśvaśambhu names Narayana as the one from whom all welfare and auspiciousness arise for the entire universe. Commentators linked to the Taittiriya school read it as an assurance that the same person who is the source of creation is also the source of its well-being, so that the hymn’s vision of cosmic pervasion is never separated from the quality of benevolence.
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