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Mantra · 27 Vedic mantras, three for each graha, from Asatyena to Ketu

Navagraha Suktam

ॐ आसत्येन रजसा वर्तमानो निवेशयन्नमृतं मर्त्यञ्च । हिरण्ययेन सविता रथेनाऽऽदेवो याति भुवना विपश्यन् ॥

Also known as Asatyena Rajasa

In Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English — with the meaning of every word, and the one syllable most people pronounce wrongly.

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What the Navagraha Suktam is

The Navagraha Suktam is not a single hymn of one seer but a traditional compilation of Vedic mantras for the nine grahas, taken in the order Surya, Chandra, Angaraka, Budha, Brihaspati, Shukra, Shani, Rahu and Ketu. Its verses come from the Vedic samhitas: South Indian chanting books give them in their Krishna Yajurveda form, as in the Taittiriya Samhita, and most of them also stand in the Rigveda. Each graha receives three mantras: its own verse, then a verse for its adhidevata and one for its pratyadhidevata, the two deities who preside with it. A salutation line closes each group, and a final line bows to all nine together, making 27 mantras in all. This page prints the full sequence of mantras and salutations, without the Ganesha dhyana, pranayama and sankalpa that precede it in puja books. It is printed without Vedic accent marks; chanting with the svaras is learned from a teacher.

Old Vedic verses given to nine grahas

None of these 27 verses was composed for a planet. The Sun's mantra is a Rigveda verse to Savitr, the god borne in a golden chariot who settles the immortal and the mortal each in its place (Rigveda 1.35.2). Where the Rigveda reads 'a krishnena rajasa', through the dark region, the South Indian books print 'asatyena rajasa', by truth. The Moon's verse addresses Soma, the Moon's own name, and Jupiter's names Brihaspati outright. Mars takes 'agnir murdha', Agni as head of heaven. Mercury takes 'udbudhyasva', a call to wake. Venus takes 'pra vah shukraya', to the bright one. Saturn opens with 'shanno devih', a verse to the divine Waters. Ketu takes 'ketum krinvan', making a light or banner where there was none. The companion verses are older still in their settings. Mars is given the Rigveda prayer to Earth to be free of thorns, and Mercury the three strides of Vishnu, both from Rigveda 1.22. The Moon receives the lowing cow of the riddle hymn, Rigveda 1.164.41. Venus receives the line on Indrani, whose husband never dies of age, from Rigveda 10.86. What the tradition added is the order and the salutation that binds each three into one graha's worship.

The mantra, in six scripts

DevanagariSanskrit & Hindiॐ आसत्येन रजसा वर्तमानो निवेशयन्नमृतं मर्त्यञ्च । हिरण्ययेन सविता रथेनाऽऽदेवो याति भुवना विपश्यन् ॥

Tamilௐ ஆஸத்யேந ரஜஸா வர்தமாநோ நிவேஶயந்நம்ருதம் மர்த்யஞ்ச । ஹிரண்யயேந ஸவிதா ரதேநாதேவோ யாதி புவநா விபஶ்யந் ॥

Teluguఓం ఆసత్యేన రజసా వర్తమానో నివేశయన్నమృతం మర్త్యఞ్చ । హిరణ్యయేన సవితా రథేనాఽఽదేవో యాతి భువనా విపశ్యన్ ॥

Kannadaಓಂ ಆಸತ್ಯೇನ ರಜಸಾ ವರ್ತಮಾನೋ ನಿವೇಶಯನ್ನಮೃತಂ ಮರ್ತ್ಯಞ್ಚ । ಹಿರಣ್ಯಯೇನ ಸವಿತಾ ರಥೇನಾಽಽದೇವೋ ಯಾತಿ ಭುವನಾ ವಿಪಶ್ಯನ್ ॥

Malayalamഓം ആസത്യേന രജസാ വര്തമാനോ നിവേശയന്നമൃതം മര്ത്യഞ്ച । ഹിരണ്യയേന സവിതാ രഥേനാഽഽദേവോ യാതി ഭുവനാ വിപശ്യന് ॥

EnglishRoman transliterationoṃ āsatyena rajasā vartamāno niveśayannamṛtaṃ martyañca | hiraṇyayena savitā rathenā''devo yāti bhuvanā vipaśyan ||

“Om. Moving through the region of space by truth, settling the immortal and the mortal each in its place, the god Savitr comes in his golden chariot, looking upon all the worlds. (Mantra for Surya, the Sun.)”

ॐ: oṃ — Om
आसत्येन: āsatyena — by truth
रजसा: rajasā — through the region of space
वर्तमानो: vartamāno — moving
निवेशयन्नमृतं: niveśayannamṛtaṃ — settling the immortal
मर्त्यञ्च: martyañca — and the mortal
हिरण्ययेन: hiraṇyayena — golden
सविता: savitā — Savitr
रथेनाऽऽदेवो: rathenā''devo — by chariot, the god
याति: yāti — comes
भुवना: bhuvanā — the worlds
विपश्यन्: vipaśyan — looking upon

Navagraha Suktam lyrics in full

The nine graha mantras, each with its adhidevata and pratyadhidevata verses and closing salutation, followed by the salutation to all nine grahas, printed without accent marks.

All 37 verses, in Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English, each with its meaning. Choose a script:

Download the Navagraha Suktam PDFAll 37 verses with their meanings, in Sanskrit. Free to print and keep.

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Verse 1

ॐ आसत्येन रजसा वर्तमानो निवेशयन्नमृतं मर्त्यञ्च ।
हिरण्ययेन सविता रथेनाऽऽदेवो याति भुवना विपश्यन् ॥

Om. Moving through the region of space by truth, settling the immortal and the mortal each in its place, the god Savitr comes in his golden chariot, looking upon all the worlds. (Mantra for Surya, the Sun.)

Verse 2

अग्निं दूतं वृणीमहे होतारं विश्ववेदसम् ।
अस्य यज्ञस्य सुक्रतुम् ॥

We choose Agni as our messenger, the priest who calls the gods, the all-knowing one, the skilful performer of this sacrifice. (Adhidevata verse for the Sun: Agni.)

Verse 3

येषामीशे पशुपतिः पशूनां चतुष्पदामुत च द्विपदाम् ।
निष्क्रीतोऽयं यज्ञियं भागमेतु रायस्पोषा यजमानस्य सन्तु ॥

Pashupati rules over the creatures, the four-footed and the two-footed. Redeemed, may this one go to its sacrificial share; may increase of wealth belong to the one who offers the sacrifice. (Pratyadhidevata verse for the Sun: Rudra as Pashupati.)

Namaskara 1

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय आदित्याय नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Aditya, the Sun, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 4

ॐ आप्यायस्व समेतु ते विश्वतस्सोम वृष्णियम् ।
भवा वाजस्य सङ्गथे ॥

Om. Swell and grow, O Soma; may vigour gather in you from every side. Be present where strength is gathered. (Mantra for Chandra, the Moon.)

Verse 5

अप्सुमे सोमो अब्रवीदन्तर्विश्वानि भेषजा ।
अग्निञ्च विश्वशम्भुवमापश्च विश्वभेषजीः ॥

Soma told me that all remedies lie within the waters, and Agni who brings blessing to all, and the waters that heal all. (Adhidevata verse for the Moon: the Waters.)

Verse 6

गौरी मिमाय सलिलानि तक्षत्येकपदी द्विपदी सा चतुष्पदी ।
अष्टापदी नवपदी बभूवुषी सहस्राक्षरा परमे व्योमन् ॥

Gauri lowed, shaping the waters; she became one-footed, two-footed, four-footed, eight-footed, nine-footed, of a thousand syllables, in the highest heaven. (Pratyadhidevata verse for the Moon: Gauri.)

Namaskara 2

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय सोमाय नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Soma, the Moon, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 7

ॐ अग्निर्मूर्धा दिवः ककुत्पतिः पृथिव्या अयम् ।
अपां रेतांसि जिन्वति ॥

Om. This Agni is the head of heaven, the summit and lord of the earth; he quickens the seeds of the waters. (Mantra for Angaraka, Mars.)

Verse 8

स्योना पृथिवि भवाऽनृक्षरा निवेशनी ।
यच्छानश्शर्म सप्रथाः ॥

O Earth, be kind to us, free of thorns, a place to rest; give us shelter wide and spreading. (Adhidevata verse for Mars: the Earth.)

Verse 9

क्षेत्रस्य पतिना वयं हितेनेव जयामसि ।
गामश्वं पोषयित्न्वा स नो मृडातीदृशे ॥

With the Lord of the Field, as with a friend, we win; may he who nourishes cattle and horses be gracious to us in this way. (Pratyadhidevata verse for Mars: Kshetrapati, the Lord of the Field.)

Namaskara 3

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय अङ्गारकाय नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Angaraka, Mars, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 10

ॐ उद्बुध्यस्वाग्ने प्रतिजागृह्येनमिष्टापूर्ते संसृजेथामयञ्च ।
पुनः कृण्वंस्त्वा पितरं युवानमन्वातांसीत्त्वयि तन्तुमेतम् ॥

Om. Wake up, O Agni, and keep watch over him; may you and he be joined with the merit of offerings and good works. Making you young again as a father, he has stretched this thread out to you. (Mantra for Budha, Mercury.)

Verse 11

इदं विष्णुर्विचक्रमे त्रेधा निदधे पदम् ।
समूढमस्य पांसुरे ॥

Vishnu strode across this universe; three times he set down his foot, and the whole is gathered in his dusty footprint. (Adhidevata verse for Mercury: Vishnu.)

Verse 12

विष्णो रराटमसि विष्णोः पृष्ठमसि विष्णोश्श्नप्त्रेस्थो विष्णोस्स्यूरसि ।
विष्णोर्ध्रुवमसि वैष्णवमसि विष्णवे त्वा ॥

You are Vishnu's forehead, you are Vishnu's back, you two are Vishnu's corners, you are Vishnu's seam, you are Vishnu's firm knot; you belong to Vishnu; you are for Vishnu. (Pratyadhidevata verse for Mercury: Vishnu, addressed through the sacrificial shelter.)

Namaskara 4

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय बुधाय नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Budha, Mercury, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 13

ॐ बृहस्पते अतियदर्यो अर्हाद्द्युमद्विभाति क्रतुमज्जनेषु ।
यद्दीदयच्चवसर्तप्रजात तदस्मासु द्रविणन्धेहि चित्रम् ॥

Om. O Brihaspati, born of cosmic order, place in us that wonderful wealth which the noble deserve, which shines brightly and with purpose among people, and which blazes with strength. (Mantra for Guru, Jupiter.)

Verse 14

इन्द्रमरुत्व इह पाहि सोमं यथा शार्याते अपिबस्सुतस्य ।
तव प्रणीती तव शूरशर्मन्नाविवासन्ति कवयस्सुयज्ञाः ॥

O Indra with the Maruts, drink the Soma here, as you drank the pressed juice at Sharyata's rite. Under your guidance and in your shelter, O hero, the wise who sacrifice well worship you. (Adhidevata verse for Jupiter: Indra.)

Verse 15

ब्रह्मजज्ञानं प्रथमं पुरस्ताद्विसीमतस्सुरुचो वेन आवः ।
सबुध्निया उपमा अस्य विष्ठास्सतश्च योनिमसतश्च विवः ॥

The Brahman born first in the east, the Seer has opened out from the shining edge; he revealed its deepest and nearest forms, the womb of what is and of what is not. (Pratyadhidevata verse for Jupiter: Brahma.)

Namaskara 5

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय बृहस्पतये नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Brihaspati, Jupiter, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 16

ॐ प्रवश्शुक्राय भानवे भरध्वम् ।
हव्यं मतिं चाग्नये सुपूतम् ।
यो दैव्यानि मानुषा जनूंषि ।
अन्तर्विश्वानि विद्म ना जिगाति ॥

Om. Bring to the bright and shining one your offering and your well-purified prayer for Agni, who moves among all births, divine and human, knowing them. (Mantra for Shukra, Venus.)

Verse 17

इन्द्राणीमासु नारिषु सुपत्नीमहमश्रवम् ।
न ह्यस्या अपरञ्चन जरसा मरते पतिः ॥

Among these women I have heard that Indrani is the most blessed wife, for her husband never dies of old age. (Adhidevata verse for Venus: Indrani.)

Verse 18

इन्द्रं वो विश्वतस्परि हवामहे जनेभ्यः ।
अस्माकमस्तु केवलः ॥

On your behalf we call Indra from every side, away from all other people; may he be ours alone. (Pratyadhidevata verse for Venus: Indra.)

Namaskara 6

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय शुक्राय नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Shukra, Venus, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 19

ॐ शन्नो देवीरभिष्टय आपो भवन्तु पीतये ।
शंयोरभिस्रवन्तु नः ॥

Om. May the divine waters be a blessing to us, for help and for drinking; may they flow toward us bringing health and freedom from harm. (Mantra for Shani, Saturn.)

Verse 20

प्रजापते न त्वदेतान्यन्यो विश्वा जातानि परिता बभूव ।
यत्कामास्ते जुहुमस्तन्नो अस्तु वयं स्याम पतयो रयीणाम् ॥

O Prajapati, no one other than you encompasses all these created things. May what we desire when we offer to you be ours; may we become masters of riches. (Verse to Prajapati, recited with Saturn.)

Verse 21

इमं यमप्रस्तरमाहि सीदाऽङ्गिरोभिः पितृभिस्संविदानः ।
आत्वा मन्त्राः कविशस्ता वहन्त्वेना राजन् हविषा मादयस्व ॥

O Yama, come and sit on this sacred grass, in accord with the Angirases and the ancestors. May the mantras spoken by the seers bring you here; O king, rejoice in this offering. (Verse to Yama, recited with Saturn.)

Namaskara 7

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय शनैश्चराय नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Shanaishchara, Saturn, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 22

ॐ कया नश्चित्र आभुवदूती सदावृधस्सखा ।
कया शचिष्ठया वृता ॥

Om. With what help will the wonderful one, our ever-growing friend, come to us, and with what most powerful company? (Mantra for Rahu.)

Verse 23

आऽयङ्गौः पृश्निरक्रमीदसनन्मातरं पुनः ।
पितरञ्च प्रयन्त्सुवः ॥

This dappled bull has come forward and sat before the mother, and goes on to the father, to heaven. (Verse recited with Rahu.)

Verse 24

यत्ते देवी निर्ऋतिराबबन्ध दाम ग्रीवास्वविचर्त्यम् ।
इदन्ते तद्विष्याम्यायुषो न मध्यादथाजीवः पितुमद्धि प्रमुक्तः ॥

The cord that the goddess Nirriti has tied round your neck, which cannot be untied, I now loosen for you, as from the middle of life; set free and living, eat your food. (Verse to Nirriti, recited with Rahu.)

Namaskara 8

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहिताय राहवे नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to Rahu, together with his adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Verse 25

ॐ केतुङ्कृण्वन्नकेतवे पेशो मर्या अपेशसे ।
समुषद्भिरजायथाः ॥

Om. Giving light to what had no light, O mortals, and form to what had no form, you were born together with the dawns. (Mantra for Ketu.)

Verse 26

ब्रह्मा देवानां पदवीः कवीनामृषिर्विप्राणां महिषो मृगाणाम् ।
श्येनो गृध्राणां स्वधितिर्वनानां सोमः पवित्रमत्येति रेभन् ॥

Brahma among the gods, leader among poets, seer among sages, buffalo among wild beasts, falcon among birds of prey, axe among the trees: Soma passes through the filter, singing. (Adhidevata verse for Ketu: Brahma.)

Verse 27

सचित्र चित्रं चितयन्तमस्मे चित्रक्षत्र चित्रतमं वयोधाम् ।
चन्द्रं रयिं पुरुवीरम् बृहन्तं चन्द्रचन्द्राभिर्गृणते युवस्व ॥

O bright one of bright dominion, grant us wealth that is wonderful, shining, most splendid and life-giving, gleaming, rich in heroes and great; with your bright gifts, bestow it on the one who praises you. (Pratyadhidevata verse for Ketu: Chitragupta.)

Namaskara 9

ॐ अधिदेवता प्रत्यधिदेवता सहितेभ्यः केतुभ्यो नमः ॥

Om. Salutation to the Ketus, together with their adhidevata and pratyadhidevata.

Closing

ॐ आदित्यादि नवग्रह देवताभ्यो नमो नमः ॥

Om. Salutation again and again to the nine graha deities beginning with Aditya, the Sun.

The syllable people get wrong

In the seventh salutation, śanaiścarāya is often said as 'Shanishcharaya'; the word is śanaiś-cara, 'the one who moves slowly', so say sha-NAI-shcha-raa-ya, keeping the diphthong ai in the second syllable.

When the Navagraha Suktam is chanted

Festival. Navagraha shanti rites and the Navagraha Homam

Questions

The Navagraha Stotram is a set of later Sanskrit verses attributed to Vyasa, one to each graha, beginning 'japakusuma sankasham' for the Sun; each verse describes the graha's colour, parentage and form. The Navagraha Suktam uses no such descriptions. It is made of Vedic mantras that were already being chanted in the sacrifice, assigned three to each graha, and it is chanted in the Vedic manner with svaras.

They are the two deities who preside with each graha, and each graha's three mantras address the graha first, then the adhidevata, then the pratyadhidevata. For the Sun these are Agni and Rudra as Pashupati; for the Moon, the Waters and Gauri; for Jupiter, Indra and Brahma. The printed books do not label which verse holds which role, and for Saturn and Rahu the role names given in the tradition vary.

The verse is Rigveda 1.35.2, addressed to Savitr, and the Rigveda reads 'a krishnena rajasa', moving through the dark region of space. The South Indian Navagraha Suktam prints 'asatyena rajasa', by truth, and every printing of this form agrees on it. Recitations of the Savitr hymn elsewhere keep the Rigveda wording, so both openings are heard; this page follows the South Indian books.

In their Vedic settings they address Savitr, Agni, Soma, Indra, Vishnu, Prajapati, Yama and other deities, and none speaks of a planet. Only a few name the graha itself: the Moon's verse is addressed to Soma, and Jupiter's names Brihaspati outright. The assignment of each verse to its graha is the work of the tradition that compiled the sequence, and tradition holds that through these verses the graha is worshipped together with the deities who preside over it.

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Navagraha Suktam

What the Navagraha Suktam is

Old Vedic verses given to nine grahas

The mantra, in six scripts

Navagraha Suktam lyrics in full

The syllable people get wrong

When the Navagraha Suktam is chanted

Questions

Have your chart read before you decide

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