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Subramanya Subramanya Ashtothram: six-faced infant Skanda on the Saravana lake as the six Krittika mothers come to nurse him
The six-faced child on the Saravana lake as the Krittikas come to nurse him
Mantra · Murugan's 108 salutations, from Skanda and Guha to Valli's husband

Subramanya Ashtothram

ॐ स्कन्दाय नमः ।

Also known as Subramanya Ashtothram

In Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English — with the meaning of every word, and the one syllable most people pronounce wrongly.

Subramanya HomaThe Subramanya Homa, performed for youBook →

What the Subramanya Ashtothram is

The Subramanya Ashtothram, in full the Subramanya Ashtottara Shatanamavali, is the list of the 108 names of Murugan, each name framed as om ... namah so that every line is one salutation. It is the namavali form of the Subrahmanya Ashtottarashatanama Stotram, a traditional verse hymn with no named author, and the names follow it line by line. After Skanda, Guha and Shanmukha, the list gathers his several parentages: son of the forehead-eyed Shiva, of Uma, of Agni, of Ganga and of the Krittikas. Battle names follow, the slayer of Taraka and the splitter of Mount Krauncha, then runs built on one root, such as matta, pramatta and unmatta, or the god of one, two, three, four and five colours. Later names call him the supreme Brahman and the husband of Valli, the hunter's daughter. Three names occur twice, and the list closes on akshayaphalaprada, giver of fruit that never perishes. A second, widely copied list differs at about fifteen names and ends with a name saluting Subrahmanya together with Valli and Devasena.

Markandeya counts the names of Skanda

The oldest long account of Skanda's names is in the Vana Parva of the Mahabharata, where the sage Markandeya tells the exiled Yudhishthira how the god came to be. In this telling Svaha, daughter of Daksha, loves Agni and takes the form of the sages' wives one after another, failing only with Arundhati; six times she carries Agni's seed to a golden lake on the White Mountain, and there a child with six faces and twelve eyes is born. Because the seed was cast off, the child is called Skanda, and because Rudra is said to have entered Agni, he is also the son of Rudra. Indra rides out to kill the newborn and hurls his thunderbolt, which pierces Skanda's right side; from the wound springs a second youth, club in hand, named Vishakha, and Indra asks for peace. Skanda's arrows rend the Krauncha hill. When Yudhishthira asks for the god's names, Markandeya recites a list that includes Skanda, Prabhu, Anamaya, Vishakha and Kanyabhartri, and says that whoever repeats them gains fame, wealth and liberation. The later namavali keeps these layers side by side: it salutes him as son of Agni, of Ganga, of the Krittikas, of Uma and of Shankara without choosing between the accounts, and Vishakha stands as Name 29.

The mantra, in six scripts

DevanagariSanskrit & Hindiॐ स्कन्दाय नमः ।
Tamilௐ ஸ்கந்தாய நமஃ ।
Teluguఓం స్కన్దాయ నమః ।
Kannadaಓಂ ಸ್ಕನ್ದಾಯ ನಮಃ ।
Malayalamഓം സ്കന്ദായ നമഃ ।
EnglishRoman transliterationoṃ skandāya namaḥ |
“Salutations to Skanda, the one whose power leapt forth; the warrior son of Shiva.”
ॐ
oṃ — Om, the sacred syllable
स्कन्दाय
skandāya — to Skanda, the one who leapt forth (Name 1)
नमः
namaḥ — salutation
गुहाय
guhāya — to Guha, the hidden one (Name 2)
षण्मुखाय
ṣaṇmukhāya — to the six-faced one (Name 3)
फालनेत्रसुताय
phālanetrasutāya — to the son of the forehead-eyed Shiva (Name 4)
प्रभवे
prabhave — to the mighty Lord (Name 5)
पिङ्गलाय
piṅgalāya — to the tawny-golden one (Name 6)
कृत्तिकासूनवे
kṛttikāsūnave — to the son of the Krittikas (Name 7)
शिखिवाहाय
śikhivāhāya — to the rider of the peacock (Name 8)

Subramanya Ashtothram lyrics in full

All 108 names, each framed by Om and namah, in the order of the verse stotram that opens skando guhah shanmukhashcha.

All 108 verses, in Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and English, each with its meaning. Choose a script:

Download the Subramanya Ashtothram PDFAll 108 verses with their meanings, in Sanskrit. Free to print and keep.

Name 1

ॐ स्कन्दाय नमः ।

Salutations to Skanda, the one whose power leapt forth; the warrior son of Shiva.

Name 2

ॐ गुहाय नमः ।

Salutations to Guha, the hidden one who dwells in the cave of the heart.

Name 3

ॐ षण्मुखाय नमः ।

Salutations to the six-faced one.

Name 4

ॐ फालनेत्रसुताय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of Shiva, the god with the eye on his forehead.

Name 5

ॐ प्रभवे नमः ।

Salutations to the mighty Lord.

Name 6

ॐ पिङ्गलाय नमः ।

Salutations to the tawny-golden one.

Name 7

ॐ कृत्तिकासूनवे नमः ।

Salutations to the son of the Krittikas, the six star-maidens who nursed him.

Name 8

ॐ शिखिवाहाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who rides the peacock.

Name 9

ॐ द्विषड्भुजाय नमः ।

Salutations to the twelve-armed one (twice six arms).

Name 10

ॐ द्विषण्णेत्राय नमः ।

Salutations to the twelve-eyed one (twice six eyes).

Name 11

ॐ शक्तिधराय नमः ।

Salutations to the bearer of the Shakti, the divine spear (Vel).

Name 12

ॐ पिशिताशप्रभञ्जनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the destroyer of the flesh-eating demons.

Name 13

ॐ तारकासुरसंहारिणे नमः ।

Salutations to the slayer of the demon Taraka.

Name 14

ॐ रक्षोबलविमर्दनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who crushes the strength of the demons.

Name 15

ॐ मत्ताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one rapt in divine joy.

Name 16

ॐ प्रमत्ताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one supremely rapt in joy.

Name 17

ॐ उन्मत्ताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one wholly beyond himself in divine ecstasy.

Name 18

ॐ सुरसैन्यसुरक्षकाय नमः ।

Salutations to the guardian of the armies of the gods.

Name 19

ॐ देवसेनापतये नमः ।

Salutations to the commander of the army of the gods.

Name 20

ॐ प्राज्ञाय नमः ।

Salutations to the wise one.

Name 21

ॐ कृपालवे नमः ।

Salutations to the compassionate one.

Name 22

ॐ भक्तवत्सलाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who loves his devotees tenderly.

Name 23

ॐ उमासुताय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of Uma (Parvati).

Name 24

ॐ शक्तिधराय नमः ।

Salutations to the bearer of the Shakti spear (the name recurs in the list).

Name 25

ॐ कुमाराय नमः ।

Salutations to Kumara, the ever-youthful prince.

Name 26

ॐ क्रौञ्चदारणाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who split Mount Krauncha.

Name 27

ॐ सेनान्ये नमः ।

Salutations to the general, leader of the army.

Name 28

ॐ अग्निजन्मने नमः ।

Salutations to the one born of fire.

Name 29

ॐ विशाखाय नमः ।

Salutations to Vishakha, a name of Skanda.

Name 30

ॐ शङ्करात्मजाय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of Shankara (Shiva).

Name 31

ॐ शिवस्वामिने नमः ।

Salutations to the master who is Shiva's own teacher (Swaminatha).

Name 32

ॐ गणस्वामिने नमः ।

Salutations to the master of the ganas, Shiva's attendants.

Name 33

ॐ सर्वस्वामिने नमः ।

Salutations to the master of all.

Name 34

ॐ सनातनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the eternal one.

Name 35

ॐ अनन्तशक्तये नमः ।

Salutations to the one of endless power.

Name 36

ॐ अक्षोभ्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is never shaken.

Name 37

ॐ पार्वतीप्रियनन्दनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the beloved, delightful son of Parvati.

Name 38

ॐ गङ्गासुताय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of the Ganga.

Name 39

ॐ शरोद्भूताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one born in the reed forest (Sharavana).

Name 40

ॐ आहूताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is invoked.

Name 41

ॐ पावकात्मजाय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of Agni, the purifying fire.

Name 42

ॐ जृम्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who expands (Jrimbha).

Name 43

ॐ प्रजृम्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who expands forth (Prajrimbha).

Name 44

ॐ उज्जृम्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who rises up and expands (Ujjrimbha).

Name 45

ॐ कमलासनसंस्तुताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one praised by Brahma, who is seated on the lotus.

Name 46

ॐ एकवर्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one of a single colour.

Name 47

ॐ द्विवर्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one of two colours.

Name 48

ॐ त्रिवर्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one of three colours.

Name 49

ॐ सुमनोहराय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is most charming.

Name 50

ॐ चतुर्वर्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one of four colours.

Name 51

ॐ पञ्चवर्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one of five colours.

Name 52

ॐ प्रजापतये नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of creatures.

Name 53

ॐ अहर्पतये नमः ।

Salutations to the lord of the day, the sun.

Name 54

ॐ अग्निगर्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one born of fire.

Name 55

ॐ शमीगर्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one born from the Shami tree.

Name 56

ॐ विश्वरेतसे नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose seed is the universe.

Name 57

ॐ सुरारिघ्ने नमः ।

Salutations to the slayer of the enemies of the gods.

Name 58

ॐ हरिद्वर्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one of green-golden hue.

Name 59

ॐ शुभकराय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who brings what is auspicious.

Name 60

ॐ वटवे नमः ।

Salutations to the young student (vatu).

Name 61

ॐ वटुवेषभृते नमः ।

Salutations to the one who wears the dress of a young celibate student.

Name 62

ॐ पूष्णे नमः ।

Salutations to Pushan, the nourisher.

Name 63

ॐ गभस्तये नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is a ray of light.

Name 64

ॐ गहनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the deep and unfathomable one.

Name 65

ॐ चन्द्रवर्णाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one with the colour of the moon.

Name 66

ॐ कलाधराय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who holds the digits of the moon, the arts.

Name 67

ॐ मायाधराय नमः ।

Salutations to the wielder of Maya, divine illusion.

Name 68

ॐ महामायिने नमः ।

Salutations to the great master of Maya.

Name 69

ॐ कैवल्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is final liberation (kaivalya).

Name 70

ॐ शङ्करात्मजाय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of Shankara (the name recurs in the list).

Name 71

ॐ विश्वयोनये नमः ।

Salutations to the source of the universe.

Name 72

ॐ अमेयात्मने नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose self is beyond measure.

Name 73

ॐ तेजोनिधये नमः ।

Salutations to the treasury of radiance.

Name 74

ॐ अनामयाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one free from all illness.

Name 75

ॐ परमेष्ठिने नमः ।

Salutations to the one who stands at the highest place.

Name 76

ॐ परब्रह्मणे नमः ।

Salutations to the supreme Brahman.

Name 77

ॐ वेदगर्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who holds the Vedas within him.

Name 78

ॐ विराट्सुताय नमः ।

Salutations to the son of Viraj, the cosmic being.

Name 79

ॐ पुलिन्दकन्याभर्त्रे नमः ।

Salutations to the husband of the daughter of the hunter tribe (Valli).

Name 80

ॐ महासारस्वतावृताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one surrounded by great learning and eloquence.

Name 81

ॐ आश्रिताखिलदात्रे नमः ।

Salutations to the one who grants everything to those who take refuge in him.

Name 82

ॐ चोरघ्नाय नमः ।

Salutations to the destroyer of thieves.

Name 83

ॐ रोगनाशनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the destroyer of disease.

Name 84

ॐ अनन्तमूर्तये नमः ।

Salutations to the one of endless forms.

Name 85

ॐ आनन्दाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is bliss.

Name 86

ॐ शिखण्डिकृतकेतनाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose banner bears the peacock.

Name 87

ॐ डम्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to Dambha, the mighty one (a name with no settled meaning; sometimes read as the one of hidden power).

Name 88

ॐ परमडम्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to Paramadambha, the supremely mighty one.

Name 89

ॐ महाडम्भाय नमः ।

Salutations to Mahadambha, the greatly mighty one.

Name 90

ॐ वृषाकपये नमः ।

Salutations to Vrishakapi, a Vedic name shared with Vishnu and Shiva.

Name 91

ॐ कारणोपात्तदेहाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who takes a body for a cause.

Name 92

ॐ कारणातीतविग्रहाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one whose form is beyond all causes.

Name 93

ॐ अनीश्वराय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who has no lord over him.

Name 94

ॐ अमृताय नमः ।

Salutations to the immortal one.

Name 95

ॐ प्राणाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is the breath of life.

Name 96

ॐ प्राणायामपरायणाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one devoted to the discipline of breath control.

Name 97

ॐ विरुद्धहन्त्रे नमः ।

Salutations to the slayer of the hostile.

Name 98

ॐ वीरघ्नाय नमः ।

Salutations to the slayer of mighty warriors.

Name 99

ॐ रक्तास्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the one with a red face.

Name 100

ॐ श्यामकन्धराय नमः ।

Salutations to the one with a dark neck.

Name 101

ॐ सुब्रह्मण्याय नमः ।

Salutations to Subrahmanya, the one most dear to Brahman and the wise.

Name 102

ॐ गुहाय नमः ।

Salutations to Guha, the hidden one (the name recurs in the list).

Name 103

ॐ प्रीताय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who is pleased and loving.

Name 104

ॐ ब्रह्मण्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the one devoted to Brahman and the Vedas.

Name 105

ॐ ब्राह्मणप्रियाय नमः ।

Salutations to the one dear to Brahmins.

Name 106

ॐ वंशवृद्धिकराय नमः ।

Salutations to the one who makes a family line flourish.

Name 107

ॐ वेदवेद्याय नमः ।

Salutations to the one known through the Vedas.

Name 108

ॐ अक्षयफलप्रदाय नमः ।

Salutations to the giver of fruit that never perishes.

The syllable people get wrong

Name 7, kṛttikāsūnave (कृत्तिकासूनवे, 'to the son of the Krittikas'), opens with the vowel ṛ and a doubled t: say KRIT-ti-kaa-SOO-na-vay, with a short ri, both t sounds held, and long aa and oo. It is not 'kar-ti-ka', which turns the star-mothers into the month of Kartika.

When the Subramanya Ashtothram is chanted

Weekday. Tuesday

Festival. Skanda Shashti

Questions

The namavali is drawn from the Subrahmanya Ashtottarashatanama Stotram, a traditional verse hymn printed without an author's name; each name is lifted from the verses and recast as om ... namah. It is not a quotation from the Mahabharata, though the Vana Parva has an older list of Skanda's names recited by the sage Markandeya, and several names, among them Skanda, Prabhu, Vishakha and Anamaya, appear in both.
Two families of the list circulate. The one printed here follows the metrical stotram and ends at akshayaphalapradaya, the giver of fruit that never perishes. The other, widely copied, reads about fifteen names differently, for example merging guha and prita into one name, adding mahate, and dropping vamshavriddhikara, and then closes with om valli devasena sameta sri subrahmanyaswamine namah, saluting the god with both consorts. That closing name is a puja-style addition not found in the stotram.
Names 15 to 17 build on one root meaning to be intoxicated, read in devotional usage as rapt in divine joy: matta is rapt, pramatta is rapt beyond measure, and unmatta is wholly carried out of himself. The list uses the same pattern elsewhere, with jrimbha, prajrimbha and ujjrimbha for a god who expands and rises, and dambha, paramadambha and mahadambha later on. Each triad steps the same idea up in three degrees.
Name 4 means the son of the one with an eye on his forehead, that is Shiva, whose third eye sits on his brow; it names Murugan first of all as Shiva's son. Phala and bhala are two Sanskrit words for the forehead, so both spellings carry the same sense. Most printed editions and the verse stotram read phala; one widely reproduced text has bhala.
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